.. DO NOT EDIT.
.. THIS FILE WAS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY SPHINX-GALLERY.
.. TO MAKE CHANGES, EDIT THE SOURCE PYTHON FILE:
.. "auto_examples/miscellaneous/plot_set_output.py"
.. LINE NUMBERS ARE GIVEN BELOW.

.. only:: html

    .. note::
        :class: sphx-glr-download-link-note

        :ref:`Go to the end <sphx_glr_download_auto_examples_miscellaneous_plot_set_output.py>`
        to download the full example code. or to run this example in your browser via Binder

.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-example-title

.. _sphx_glr_auto_examples_miscellaneous_plot_set_output.py:


================================
Introducing the `set_output` API
================================

.. currentmodule:: sklearn

This example will demonstrate the `set_output` API to configure transformers to
output pandas DataFrames. `set_output` can be configured per estimator by calling
the `set_output` method or globally by setting `set_config(transform_output="pandas")`.
For details, see
`SLEP018 <https://scikit-learn-enhancement-proposals.readthedocs.io/en/latest/slep018/proposal.html>`__.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 16-17

First, we load the iris dataset as a DataFrame to demonstrate the `set_output` API.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 17-24

.. code-block:: Python

    from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
    from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

    X, y = load_iris(as_frame=True, return_X_y=True)
    X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, stratify=y, random_state=0)
    X_train.head()






.. raw:: html

    <div class="output_subarea output_html rendered_html output_result">
    <div>
    <style scoped>
        .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
            vertical-align: middle;
        }

        .dataframe tbody tr th {
            vertical-align: top;
        }

        .dataframe thead th {
            text-align: right;
        }
    </style>
    <table border="1" class="dataframe">
      <thead>
        <tr style="text-align: right;">
          <th></th>
          <th>sepal length (cm)</th>
          <th>sepal width (cm)</th>
          <th>petal length (cm)</th>
          <th>petal width (cm)</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <th>60</th>
          <td>5.0</td>
          <td>2.0</td>
          <td>3.5</td>
          <td>1.0</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>1</th>
          <td>4.9</td>
          <td>3.0</td>
          <td>1.4</td>
          <td>0.2</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>8</th>
          <td>4.4</td>
          <td>2.9</td>
          <td>1.4</td>
          <td>0.2</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>93</th>
          <td>5.0</td>
          <td>2.3</td>
          <td>3.3</td>
          <td>1.0</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>106</th>
          <td>4.9</td>
          <td>2.5</td>
          <td>4.5</td>
          <td>1.7</td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
    </div>
    </div>
    <br />
    <br />

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 25-27

To configure an estimator such as :class:`preprocessing.StandardScaler` to return
DataFrames, call `set_output`. This feature requires pandas to be installed.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 27-36

.. code-block:: Python


    from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler

    scaler = StandardScaler().set_output(transform="pandas")

    scaler.fit(X_train)
    X_test_scaled = scaler.transform(X_test)
    X_test_scaled.head()






.. raw:: html

    <div class="output_subarea output_html rendered_html output_result">
    <div>
    <style scoped>
        .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
            vertical-align: middle;
        }

        .dataframe tbody tr th {
            vertical-align: top;
        }

        .dataframe thead th {
            text-align: right;
        }
    </style>
    <table border="1" class="dataframe">
      <thead>
        <tr style="text-align: right;">
          <th></th>
          <th>sepal length (cm)</th>
          <th>sepal width (cm)</th>
          <th>petal length (cm)</th>
          <th>petal width (cm)</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <th>39</th>
          <td>-0.894264</td>
          <td>0.798301</td>
          <td>-1.271411</td>
          <td>-1.327605</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>12</th>
          <td>-1.244466</td>
          <td>-0.086944</td>
          <td>-1.327407</td>
          <td>-1.459074</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>48</th>
          <td>-0.660797</td>
          <td>1.462234</td>
          <td>-1.271411</td>
          <td>-1.327605</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>23</th>
          <td>-0.894264</td>
          <td>0.576989</td>
          <td>-1.159419</td>
          <td>-0.933197</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>81</th>
          <td>-0.427329</td>
          <td>-1.414810</td>
          <td>-0.039497</td>
          <td>-0.275851</td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
    </div>
    </div>
    <br />
    <br />

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 37-38

`set_output` can be called after `fit` to configure `transform` after the fact.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 38-48

.. code-block:: Python

    scaler2 = StandardScaler()

    scaler2.fit(X_train)
    X_test_np = scaler2.transform(X_test)
    print(f"Default output type: {type(X_test_np).__name__}")

    scaler2.set_output(transform="pandas")
    X_test_df = scaler2.transform(X_test)
    print(f"Configured pandas output type: {type(X_test_df).__name__}")





.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none

    Default output type: ndarray
    Configured pandas output type: DataFrame




.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 49-51

In a :class:`pipeline.Pipeline`, `set_output` configures all steps to output
DataFrames.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 51-61

.. code-block:: Python

    from sklearn.feature_selection import SelectPercentile
    from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
    from sklearn.pipeline import make_pipeline

    clf = make_pipeline(
        StandardScaler(), SelectPercentile(percentile=75), LogisticRegression()
    )
    clf.set_output(transform="pandas")
    clf.fit(X_train, y_train)






.. raw:: html

    <div class="output_subarea output_html rendered_html output_result">
    <style>#sk-container-id-45 {
      /* Definition of color scheme common for light and dark mode */
      --sklearn-color-text: #000;
      --sklearn-color-text-muted: #666;
      --sklearn-color-line: gray;
      /* Definition of color scheme for unfitted estimators */
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0: #fff5e6;
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1: #f6e4d2;
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2: #ffe0b3;
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3: chocolate;
      /* Definition of color scheme for fitted estimators */
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-0: #f0f8ff;
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-1: #d4ebff;
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-2: #b3dbfd;
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-3: cornflowerblue;

      /* Specific color for light theme */
      --sklearn-color-text-on-default-background: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, black)));
      --sklearn-color-background: var(--sg-background-color, var(--theme-background, var(--jp-layout-color0, white)));
      --sklearn-color-border-box: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, black)));
      --sklearn-color-icon: #696969;

      @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
        /* Redefinition of color scheme for dark theme */
        --sklearn-color-text-on-default-background: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, white)));
        --sklearn-color-background: var(--sg-background-color, var(--theme-background, var(--jp-layout-color0, #111)));
        --sklearn-color-border-box: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, white)));
        --sklearn-color-icon: #878787;
      }
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 pre {
      padding: 0;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 input.sk-hidden--visually {
      border: 0;
      clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);
      clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);
      height: 1px;
      margin: -1px;
      overflow: hidden;
      padding: 0;
      position: absolute;
      width: 1px;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-dashed-wrapped {
      border: 1px dashed var(--sklearn-color-line);
      margin: 0 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em;
      box-sizing: border-box;
      padding-bottom: 0.4em;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-container {
      /* jupyter's `normalize.less` sets `[hidden] { display: none; }`
         but bootstrap.min.css set `[hidden] { display: none !important; }`
         so we also need the `!important` here to be able to override the
         default hidden behavior on the sphinx rendered scikit-learn.org.
         See: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/issues/21755 */
      display: inline-block !important;
      position: relative;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-text-repr-fallback {
      display: none;
    }

    div.sk-parallel-item,
    div.sk-serial,
    div.sk-item {
      /* draw centered vertical line to link estimators */
      background-image: linear-gradient(var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background), var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background));
      background-size: 2px 100%;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-position: center center;
    }

    /* Parallel-specific style estimator block */

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-parallel-item::after {
      content: "";
      width: 100%;
      border-bottom: 2px solid var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background);
      flex-grow: 1;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-parallel {
      display: flex;
      align-items: stretch;
      justify-content: center;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      position: relative;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-parallel-item {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-parallel-item:first-child::after {
      align-self: flex-end;
      width: 50%;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-parallel-item:last-child::after {
      align-self: flex-start;
      width: 50%;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-parallel-item:only-child::after {
      width: 0;
    }

    /* Serial-specific style estimator block */

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-serial {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      padding-right: 1em;
      padding-left: 1em;
    }


    /* Toggleable style: style used for estimator/Pipeline/ColumnTransformer box that is
    clickable and can be expanded/collapsed.
    - Pipeline and ColumnTransformer use this feature and define the default style
    - Estimators will overwrite some part of the style using the `sk-estimator` class
    */

    /* Pipeline and ColumnTransformer style (default) */

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-toggleable {
      /* Default theme specific background. It is overwritten whether we have a
      specific estimator or a Pipeline/ColumnTransformer */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
    }

    /* Toggleable label */
    #sk-container-id-45 label.sk-toggleable__label {
      cursor: pointer;
      display: flex;
      width: 100%;
      margin-bottom: 0;
      padding: 0.5em;
      box-sizing: border-box;
      text-align: center;
      align-items: start;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 0.5em;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 label.sk-toggleable__label .caption {
      font-size: 0.6rem;
      font-weight: lighter;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text-muted);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {
      /* Arrow on the left of the label */
      content: "▸";
      float: left;
      margin-right: 0.25em;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-icon);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:hover:before {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
    }

    /* Toggleable content - dropdown */

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-toggleable__content {
      max-height: 0;
      max-width: 0;
      overflow: hidden;
      text-align: left;
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-toggleable__content.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-toggleable__content pre {
      margin: 0.2em;
      border-radius: 0.25em;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-toggleable__content.fitted pre {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~div.sk-toggleable__content {
      /* Expand drop-down */
      max-height: 200px;
      max-width: 100%;
      overflow: auto;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {
      content: "▾";
    }

    /* Pipeline/ColumnTransformer-specific style */

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label.fitted input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Estimator-specific style */

    /* Colorize estimator box */
    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-estimator input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-estimator.fitted input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label label.sk-toggleable__label,
    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label label {
      /* The background is the default theme color */
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background);
    }

    /* On hover, darken the color of the background */
    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label:hover label.sk-toggleable__label {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Label box, darken color on hover, fitted */
    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label.fitted:hover label.sk-toggleable__label.fitted {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Estimator label */

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label label {
      font-family: monospace;
      font-weight: bold;
      display: inline-block;
      line-height: 1.2em;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-label-container {
      text-align: center;
    }

    /* Estimator-specific */
    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-estimator {
      font-family: monospace;
      border: 1px dotted var(--sklearn-color-border-box);
      border-radius: 0.25em;
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin-bottom: 0.5em;
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-estimator.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
    }

    /* on hover */
    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-estimator:hover {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 div.sk-estimator.fitted:hover {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Specification for estimator info (e.g. "i" and "?") */

    /* Common style for "i" and "?" */

    .sk-estimator-doc-link,
    a:link.sk-estimator-doc-link,
    a:visited.sk-estimator-doc-link {
      float: right;
      font-size: smaller;
      line-height: 1em;
      font-family: monospace;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      border-radius: 1em;
      height: 1em;
      width: 1em;
      text-decoration: none !important;
      margin-left: 0.5em;
      text-align: center;
      /* unfitted */
      border: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1);
    }

    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted,
    a:link.sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted,
    a:visited.sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      border: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1);
    }

    /* On hover */
    div.sk-estimator:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover,
    div.sk-label-container:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3);
      color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    div.sk-estimator.fitted:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover,
    div.sk-label-container:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-3);
      color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    /* Span, style for the box shown on hovering the info icon */
    .sk-estimator-doc-link span {
      display: none;
      z-index: 9999;
      position: relative;
      font-weight: normal;
      right: .2ex;
      padding: .5ex;
      margin: .5ex;
      width: min-content;
      min-width: 20ex;
      max-width: 50ex;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      box-shadow: 2pt 2pt 4pt #999;
      /* unfitted */
      background: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
      border: .5pt solid var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3);
    }

    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted span {
      /* fitted */
      background: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
      border: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-3);
    }

    .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover span {
      display: block;
    }

    /* "?"-specific style due to the `<a>` HTML tag */

    #sk-container-id-45 a.estimator_doc_link {
      float: right;
      font-size: 1rem;
      line-height: 1em;
      font-family: monospace;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      border-radius: 1rem;
      height: 1rem;
      width: 1rem;
      text-decoration: none;
      /* unfitted */
      color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1);
      border: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 a.estimator_doc_link.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      border: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1);
    }

    /* On hover */
    #sk-container-id-45 a.estimator_doc_link:hover {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3);
      color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    #sk-container-id-45 a.estimator_doc_link.fitted:hover {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-3);
    }
    </style><div id="sk-container-id-45" class="sk-top-container"><div class="sk-text-repr-fallback"><pre>Pipeline(steps=[(&#x27;standardscaler&#x27;, StandardScaler()),
                    (&#x27;selectpercentile&#x27;, SelectPercentile(percentile=75)),
                    (&#x27;logisticregression&#x27;, LogisticRegression())])</pre><b>In a Jupyter environment, please rerun this cell to show the HTML representation or trust the notebook. <br />On GitHub, the HTML representation is unable to render, please try loading this page with nbviewer.org.</b></div><div class="sk-container" hidden><div class="sk-item sk-dashed-wrapped"><div class="sk-label-container"><div class="sk-label fitted sk-toggleable"><input class="sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually" id="sk-estimator-id-206" type="checkbox" ><label for="sk-estimator-id-206" class="sk-toggleable__label fitted sk-toggleable__label-arrow"><div><div>Pipeline</div></div><div><a class="sk-estimator-doc-link fitted" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://scikit-learn.org/dev/modules/generated/sklearn.pipeline.Pipeline.html">?<span>Documentation for Pipeline</span></a><span class="sk-estimator-doc-link fitted">i<span>Fitted</span></span></div></label><div class="sk-toggleable__content fitted"><pre>Pipeline(steps=[(&#x27;standardscaler&#x27;, StandardScaler()),
                    (&#x27;selectpercentile&#x27;, SelectPercentile(percentile=75)),
                    (&#x27;logisticregression&#x27;, LogisticRegression())])</pre></div> </div></div><div class="sk-serial"><div class="sk-item"><div class="sk-estimator fitted sk-toggleable"><input class="sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually" id="sk-estimator-id-207" type="checkbox" ><label for="sk-estimator-id-207" class="sk-toggleable__label fitted sk-toggleable__label-arrow"><div><div>StandardScaler</div></div><div><a class="sk-estimator-doc-link fitted" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://scikit-learn.org/dev/modules/generated/sklearn.preprocessing.StandardScaler.html">?<span>Documentation for StandardScaler</span></a></div></label><div class="sk-toggleable__content fitted"><pre>StandardScaler()</pre></div> </div></div><div class="sk-item"><div class="sk-estimator fitted sk-toggleable"><input class="sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually" id="sk-estimator-id-208" type="checkbox" ><label for="sk-estimator-id-208" class="sk-toggleable__label fitted sk-toggleable__label-arrow"><div><div>SelectPercentile</div></div><div><a class="sk-estimator-doc-link fitted" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://scikit-learn.org/dev/modules/generated/sklearn.feature_selection.SelectPercentile.html">?<span>Documentation for SelectPercentile</span></a></div></label><div class="sk-toggleable__content fitted"><pre>SelectPercentile(percentile=75)</pre></div> </div></div><div class="sk-item"><div class="sk-estimator fitted sk-toggleable"><input class="sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually" id="sk-estimator-id-209" type="checkbox" ><label for="sk-estimator-id-209" class="sk-toggleable__label fitted sk-toggleable__label-arrow"><div><div>LogisticRegression</div></div><div><a class="sk-estimator-doc-link fitted" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://scikit-learn.org/dev/modules/generated/sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression.html">?<span>Documentation for LogisticRegression</span></a></div></label><div class="sk-toggleable__content fitted"><pre>LogisticRegression()</pre></div> </div></div></div></div></div></div>
    </div>
    <br />
    <br />

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 62-64

Each transformer in the pipeline is configured to return DataFrames. This
means that the final logistic regression step contains the feature names of the input.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 64-66

.. code-block:: Python

    clf[-1].feature_names_in_





.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none


    array(['sepal length (cm)', 'petal length (cm)', 'petal width (cm)'],
          dtype=object)



.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 67-69

.. note:: If one uses the method `set_params`, the transformer will be
   replaced by a new one with the default output format.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 69-73

.. code-block:: Python

    clf.set_params(standardscaler=StandardScaler())
    clf.fit(X_train, y_train)
    clf[-1].feature_names_in_





.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none


    array(['x0', 'x2', 'x3'], dtype=object)



.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 74-76

To keep the intended behavior, use `set_output` on the new transformer
beforehand

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 76-81

.. code-block:: Python

    scaler = StandardScaler().set_output(transform="pandas")
    clf.set_params(standardscaler=scaler)
    clf.fit(X_train, y_train)
    clf[-1].feature_names_in_





.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none


    array(['sepal length (cm)', 'petal length (cm)', 'petal width (cm)'],
          dtype=object)



.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 82-84

Next we load the titanic dataset to demonstrate `set_output` with
:class:`compose.ColumnTransformer` and heterogeneous data.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 84-89

.. code-block:: Python

    from sklearn.datasets import fetch_openml

    X, y = fetch_openml("titanic", version=1, as_frame=True, return_X_y=True)
    X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, stratify=y)








.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 90-92

The `set_output` API can be configured globally by using :func:`set_config` and
setting `transform_output` to `"pandas"`.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 92-118

.. code-block:: Python

    from sklearn import set_config
    from sklearn.compose import ColumnTransformer
    from sklearn.impute import SimpleImputer
    from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder, StandardScaler

    set_config(transform_output="pandas")

    num_pipe = make_pipeline(SimpleImputer(), StandardScaler())
    num_cols = ["age", "fare"]
    ct = ColumnTransformer(
        (
            ("numerical", num_pipe, num_cols),
            (
                "categorical",
                OneHotEncoder(
                    sparse_output=False, drop="if_binary", handle_unknown="ignore"
                ),
                ["embarked", "sex", "pclass"],
            ),
        ),
        verbose_feature_names_out=False,
    )
    clf = make_pipeline(ct, SelectPercentile(percentile=50), LogisticRegression())
    clf.fit(X_train, y_train)
    clf.score(X_test, y_test)





.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none


    0.7621951219512195



.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 119-121

With the global configuration, all transformers output DataFrames. This allows us to
easily plot the logistic regression coefficients with the corresponding feature names.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 121-127

.. code-block:: Python

    import pandas as pd

    log_reg = clf[-1]
    coef = pd.Series(log_reg.coef_.ravel(), index=log_reg.feature_names_in_)
    _ = coef.sort_values().plot.barh()




.. image-sg:: /auto_examples/miscellaneous/images/sphx_glr_plot_set_output_001.png
   :alt: plot set output
   :srcset: /auto_examples/miscellaneous/images/sphx_glr_plot_set_output_001.png
   :class: sphx-glr-single-img





.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 128-130

In order to demonstrate the :func:`config_context` functionality below, let
us first reset `transform_output` to its default value.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 130-132

.. code-block:: Python

    set_config(transform_output="default")








.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 133-137

When configuring the output type with :func:`config_context` the
configuration at the time when `transform` or `fit_transform` are
called is what counts. Setting these only when you construct or fit
the transformer has no effect.

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 137-142

.. code-block:: Python

    from sklearn import config_context

    scaler = StandardScaler()
    scaler.fit(X_train[num_cols])






.. raw:: html

    <div class="output_subarea output_html rendered_html output_result">
    <style>#sk-container-id-46 {
      /* Definition of color scheme common for light and dark mode */
      --sklearn-color-text: #000;
      --sklearn-color-text-muted: #666;
      --sklearn-color-line: gray;
      /* Definition of color scheme for unfitted estimators */
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0: #fff5e6;
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1: #f6e4d2;
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2: #ffe0b3;
      --sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3: chocolate;
      /* Definition of color scheme for fitted estimators */
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-0: #f0f8ff;
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-1: #d4ebff;
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-2: #b3dbfd;
      --sklearn-color-fitted-level-3: cornflowerblue;

      /* Specific color for light theme */
      --sklearn-color-text-on-default-background: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, black)));
      --sklearn-color-background: var(--sg-background-color, var(--theme-background, var(--jp-layout-color0, white)));
      --sklearn-color-border-box: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, black)));
      --sklearn-color-icon: #696969;

      @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
        /* Redefinition of color scheme for dark theme */
        --sklearn-color-text-on-default-background: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, white)));
        --sklearn-color-background: var(--sg-background-color, var(--theme-background, var(--jp-layout-color0, #111)));
        --sklearn-color-border-box: var(--sg-text-color, var(--theme-code-foreground, var(--jp-content-font-color1, white)));
        --sklearn-color-icon: #878787;
      }
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 pre {
      padding: 0;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 input.sk-hidden--visually {
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      clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);
      clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);
      height: 1px;
      margin: -1px;
      overflow: hidden;
      padding: 0;
      position: absolute;
      width: 1px;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-dashed-wrapped {
      border: 1px dashed var(--sklearn-color-line);
      margin: 0 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em;
      box-sizing: border-box;
      padding-bottom: 0.4em;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-container {
      /* jupyter's `normalize.less` sets `[hidden] { display: none; }`
         but bootstrap.min.css set `[hidden] { display: none !important; }`
         so we also need the `!important` here to be able to override the
         default hidden behavior on the sphinx rendered scikit-learn.org.
         See: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/issues/21755 */
      display: inline-block !important;
      position: relative;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-text-repr-fallback {
      display: none;
    }

    div.sk-parallel-item,
    div.sk-serial,
    div.sk-item {
      /* draw centered vertical line to link estimators */
      background-image: linear-gradient(var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background), var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background));
      background-size: 2px 100%;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-position: center center;
    }

    /* Parallel-specific style estimator block */

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-parallel-item::after {
      content: "";
      width: 100%;
      border-bottom: 2px solid var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background);
      flex-grow: 1;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-parallel {
      display: flex;
      align-items: stretch;
      justify-content: center;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      position: relative;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-parallel-item {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-parallel-item:first-child::after {
      align-self: flex-end;
      width: 50%;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-parallel-item:last-child::after {
      align-self: flex-start;
      width: 50%;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-parallel-item:only-child::after {
      width: 0;
    }

    /* Serial-specific style estimator block */

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-serial {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      padding-right: 1em;
      padding-left: 1em;
    }


    /* Toggleable style: style used for estimator/Pipeline/ColumnTransformer box that is
    clickable and can be expanded/collapsed.
    - Pipeline and ColumnTransformer use this feature and define the default style
    - Estimators will overwrite some part of the style using the `sk-estimator` class
    */

    /* Pipeline and ColumnTransformer style (default) */

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-toggleable {
      /* Default theme specific background. It is overwritten whether we have a
      specific estimator or a Pipeline/ColumnTransformer */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
    }

    /* Toggleable label */
    #sk-container-id-46 label.sk-toggleable__label {
      cursor: pointer;
      display: flex;
      width: 100%;
      margin-bottom: 0;
      padding: 0.5em;
      box-sizing: border-box;
      text-align: center;
      align-items: start;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 0.5em;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 label.sk-toggleable__label .caption {
      font-size: 0.6rem;
      font-weight: lighter;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text-muted);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {
      /* Arrow on the left of the label */
      content: "▸";
      float: left;
      margin-right: 0.25em;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-icon);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:hover:before {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
    }

    /* Toggleable content - dropdown */

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-toggleable__content {
      max-height: 0;
      max-width: 0;
      overflow: hidden;
      text-align: left;
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-toggleable__content.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-toggleable__content pre {
      margin: 0.2em;
      border-radius: 0.25em;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-toggleable__content.fitted pre {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~div.sk-toggleable__content {
      /* Expand drop-down */
      max-height: 200px;
      max-width: 100%;
      overflow: auto;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {
      content: "▾";
    }

    /* Pipeline/ColumnTransformer-specific style */

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label.fitted input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Estimator-specific style */

    /* Colorize estimator box */
    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-estimator input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-estimator.fitted input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label label.sk-toggleable__label,
    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label label {
      /* The background is the default theme color */
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text-on-default-background);
    }

    /* On hover, darken the color of the background */
    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label:hover label.sk-toggleable__label {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Label box, darken color on hover, fitted */
    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label.fitted:hover label.sk-toggleable__label.fitted {
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Estimator label */

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label label {
      font-family: monospace;
      font-weight: bold;
      display: inline-block;
      line-height: 1.2em;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-label-container {
      text-align: center;
    }

    /* Estimator-specific */
    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-estimator {
      font-family: monospace;
      border: 1px dotted var(--sklearn-color-border-box);
      border-radius: 0.25em;
      box-sizing: border-box;
      margin-bottom: 0.5em;
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-estimator.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
    }

    /* on hover */
    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-estimator:hover {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-2);
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 div.sk-estimator.fitted:hover {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-2);
    }

    /* Specification for estimator info (e.g. "i" and "?") */

    /* Common style for "i" and "?" */

    .sk-estimator-doc-link,
    a:link.sk-estimator-doc-link,
    a:visited.sk-estimator-doc-link {
      float: right;
      font-size: smaller;
      line-height: 1em;
      font-family: monospace;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      border-radius: 1em;
      height: 1em;
      width: 1em;
      text-decoration: none !important;
      margin-left: 0.5em;
      text-align: center;
      /* unfitted */
      border: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1);
    }

    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted,
    a:link.sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted,
    a:visited.sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      border: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1);
    }

    /* On hover */
    div.sk-estimator:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover,
    div.sk-label-container:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3);
      color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    div.sk-estimator.fitted:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover,
    div.sk-label-container:hover .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover,
    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted:hover {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-3);
      color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    /* Span, style for the box shown on hovering the info icon */
    .sk-estimator-doc-link span {
      display: none;
      z-index: 9999;
      position: relative;
      font-weight: normal;
      right: .2ex;
      padding: .5ex;
      margin: .5ex;
      width: min-content;
      min-width: 20ex;
      max-width: 50ex;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-text);
      box-shadow: 2pt 2pt 4pt #999;
      /* unfitted */
      background: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-0);
      border: .5pt solid var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3);
    }

    .sk-estimator-doc-link.fitted span {
      /* fitted */
      background: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-0);
      border: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-3);
    }

    .sk-estimator-doc-link:hover span {
      display: block;
    }

    /* "?"-specific style due to the `<a>` HTML tag */

    #sk-container-id-46 a.estimator_doc_link {
      float: right;
      font-size: 1rem;
      line-height: 1em;
      font-family: monospace;
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      border-radius: 1rem;
      height: 1rem;
      width: 1rem;
      text-decoration: none;
      /* unfitted */
      color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1);
      border: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 a.estimator_doc_link.fitted {
      /* fitted */
      border: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1) 1pt solid;
      color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-1);
    }

    /* On hover */
    #sk-container-id-46 a.estimator_doc_link:hover {
      /* unfitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-unfitted-level-3);
      color: var(--sklearn-color-background);
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    #sk-container-id-46 a.estimator_doc_link.fitted:hover {
      /* fitted */
      background-color: var(--sklearn-color-fitted-level-3);
    }
    </style><div id="sk-container-id-46" class="sk-top-container"><div class="sk-text-repr-fallback"><pre>StandardScaler()</pre><b>In a Jupyter environment, please rerun this cell to show the HTML representation or trust the notebook. <br />On GitHub, the HTML representation is unable to render, please try loading this page with nbviewer.org.</b></div><div class="sk-container" hidden><div class="sk-item"><div class="sk-estimator fitted sk-toggleable"><input class="sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually" id="sk-estimator-id-210" type="checkbox" checked><label for="sk-estimator-id-210" class="sk-toggleable__label fitted sk-toggleable__label-arrow"><div><div>StandardScaler</div></div><div><a class="sk-estimator-doc-link fitted" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://scikit-learn.org/dev/modules/generated/sklearn.preprocessing.StandardScaler.html">?<span>Documentation for StandardScaler</span></a><span class="sk-estimator-doc-link fitted">i<span>Fitted</span></span></div></label><div class="sk-toggleable__content fitted"><pre>StandardScaler()</pre></div> </div></div></div></div>
    </div>
    <br />
    <br />

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 143-148

.. code-block:: Python

    with config_context(transform_output="pandas"):
        # the output of transform will be a Pandas DataFrame
        X_test_scaled = scaler.transform(X_test[num_cols])
    X_test_scaled.head()






.. raw:: html

    <div class="output_subarea output_html rendered_html output_result">
    <div>
    <style scoped>
        .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {
            vertical-align: middle;
        }

        .dataframe tbody tr th {
            vertical-align: top;
        }

        .dataframe thead th {
            text-align: right;
        }
    </style>
    <table border="1" class="dataframe">
      <thead>
        <tr style="text-align: right;">
          <th></th>
          <th>age</th>
          <th>fare</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <th>1088</th>
          <td>0.151101</td>
          <td>-0.479229</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>1001</th>
          <td>NaN</td>
          <td>-0.188153</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>660</th>
          <td>-0.393297</td>
          <td>-0.263234</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>657</th>
          <td>-1.975455</td>
          <td>-0.263234</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th>285</th>
          <td>2.532843</td>
          <td>3.546068</td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
    </div>
    </div>
    <br />
    <br />

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 149-150

outside of the context manager, the output will be a NumPy array

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 150-152

.. code-block:: Python

    X_test_scaled = scaler.transform(X_test[num_cols])
    X_test_scaled[:5]




.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none


    array([[ 0.1511007 , -0.47922861],
           [        nan, -0.18815268],
           [-0.39329747, -0.26323428],
           [-1.97545464, -0.26323428],
           [ 2.53284267,  3.54606834]])




.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-timing

   **Total running time of the script:** (0 minutes 0.128 seconds)


.. _sphx_glr_download_auto_examples_miscellaneous_plot_set_output.py:

.. only:: html

  .. container:: sphx-glr-footer sphx-glr-footer-example

    .. container:: binder-badge

      .. image:: images/binder_badge_logo.svg
        :target: https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/main?urlpath=lab/tree/notebooks/auto_examples/miscellaneous/plot_set_output.ipynb
        :alt: Launch binder
        :width: 150 px

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-jupyter

      :download:`Download Jupyter notebook: plot_set_output.ipynb <plot_set_output.ipynb>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-python

      :download:`Download Python source code: plot_set_output.py <plot_set_output.py>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-zip

      :download:`Download zipped: plot_set_output.zip <plot_set_output.zip>`


.. include:: plot_set_output.recommendations


.. only:: html

 .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-signature

    `Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery <https://sphinx-gallery.github.io>`_